JALAS Committee Symposium 3

― ― S28 ― Use of common marmosets has been a marked increase in neuroscience and infectious disease research programs. There are often differences from facility to facility in the frequency of distinct entities, however, diarrhea, pulmonary involvement and kidney failure are the major disorders in captive marmoset colony. The poor physical condition of the highest frequency is diarrhea, which is often associated with hemorrhagic. Temporary diarrhea in adults is not severe influence due to opportunistic infection, however, chronic disorder of flora together with bloody stool, vomiting, anemia and myopathy may progress to “marmoset wasting syndrome”. In young animals, trichomonas induces diarrhea resulting growth delay. Pulmonary disorder and kidney failure are detected in some autopsy cases, when they revealed no critical appearance. In death of newborn, pneumonia is relatively frequent. Periodontal disease is also major health problem. Tooth root abscess is a consequence of the gingivitis, with pulp exposure and bacterial invasion of the root. Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobes are in the most occasions. Marmosets are useful primate model of some virus infections; GBV-B which related to hepatitis C virus develops long-term infection with fluctuated viremia, increase of ALT/AST and high titers of antibodies comparable to chronic hepatitis C in humans. Marmosets are also highly sensitive to Dengue viruses. They demonstrated high levels of viremia and antibody reaction similar in human patient. These studies suggest that marmosets could be a reliable primate model not only for pathogenesis but the evaluation of candidate vaccines. Clinical care and diseases of the common marmosets used as biomedical experimental models